Assessment Objective Two Boscastle Questionnaire

Assessment Objective Two

Questionnaire Tasks

Task

Design a questionnaire to gauge how well residents of Boscastle thought the public services responded to the floods in 2004.

·        Must consist of between 5-10 statements

·        Must use the Likert scale below

1.     Strongly disagree

2.     Disagree

3.     Neither agree nor disagree

4.     Agree

5.     Strongly agree

1.       The Army responded quickly to the floods

1                      2                      3                      4                      5         

2.       A range of Public Services worked well together

1                      2                      3                      4                      5

3. The Fire Brigade was the most effective Public Service

1                      2                      3                      4                      5

4.   The Police Force worked to standards.

1                      2                      3                      4                      5

5. The Paramedics saved many lives

1             2                      3                      4                      5

6.     The RAF Rescue team used correct measures to        rescue people 

1                      2                      3                      4                      5

7.     The Police blocked the roads to Boscastle Quickly enough

1                      2                      3                      4                      5

8. The public service were helpful rebuilding after the                         flood

1                      2                      3                      4                      5

AO2- Questionnaire

Assessment Objective Two

Questionnaire Tasks

Aims and Objectives

Analyse a range of different research methods

1. There are many types of questions that require different answer formats. How many different types of responses can you think of?

a.        Yes

b.       No

c.        N/A (no applicable)

d.       A Value

e.       A number

f.         Age

g.        Gender male/female

h.       Ethnic Backgrounds

i.         Race

j.        Nationality

k.       Factual Questions

l.         Opinions

m.     Sexuality

n.      Religion

2. What is the difference between an open and closed question?

a.       Open

An open question is a question that opens an opportunity to engage in a deeper discussion or opinion on the question. For example if somebody ask you “What are your view on the Police Force” etc.

b.      Closed

A closed question is a question that requires a direct and factual answer. The question only offers a yes or no answer. For example “how old are you” etc.

3. What dictates the style of question used?

The style of question depends on the information that is required. For example, if a police officer was applying for a job then they would mainly be asked closed questions such as: “what qualifications do you have” “do you have a criminal record”, “if so what are they” etc. In the table below, describe the various types of question response and explain an advantage/disadvantage.

Response	Explanation	Advantage	Disadvantage
Closed (yes/no)	A direct answer. A choice of one or the other	Definitive answer. Gives information required	Doesn’t allow for strength of opinion or explanation
Personal Details (age, sex)	A direct answer. There is only one answer.	Gives required information. Factual.	No explanation.
Likert Scale	A scale with a range of answer (1-5)	Demonstrates the strength of the opinions. Direct answers. Allows choice.	Don’t always get the required answer.
Open (Justification)	Opinion based. Detailed	Detailed and explained answer.	people may get misled away from the question
Factual Question	A truthful question about yourself	Truthful answer. Information comes from the answerer.	People can over exaggerate

4. What other key issues are there regarding the use of questionnaires?

a.        What information is required?

b.       Target audience (who are you asking)

c.        The question are relevant and appropriate to the answers needed

d.       Will the questions give you the required answers?

5. What is the Likert scale? What advantages are there in it’s use?

A Likert scale is a statement in which you have to give your opinion on a scale of 1-5 etc.

AO2- experiments

Assessment Objective Two

Lesson Two Tasks - Experiments

Aims and Objectives

Analyse a range of different research methods

1. What is the Forensic Science Service?

The Forensic Science Service (FSS) is the market leader in the supply of forensic services to police forces in England and Wales and has a global reputation for excellence in the development and deployment of new and advanced techniques. Its heritage and expertise also provide the basis for world-class training services.

2. What is the website address?

http://www.forensic.gov.uk/

3. Which UK organisations do the FSS provide services for?

The FSS provides key services to people involved in criminal justice throughout the UK and overseas. Our UK customers include police forces, HMRC, British Transport Police, the CPS and commercial organisations, while our overseas involvement sees us working with law enforcement agencies across the globe.

4. Complete the following sentances:

1,300 scientists are involved annually with:

·         More than 120,000 cases.

·         Attendance at over 1,500 crime scenes.

·         Processing just under 500,000 DNA samples.

·         Providing evidence in court on more than 2,000 occasions

5. List 8 services that the FSS provide:
1.  Analytic Solutions
2.  Expert Solutions
3.  Offence-Based Solutions
4.  Response Solutions
5.  Evidence Management
6.  Training
7.  International Solutions
8. Electronic Forensic Solutions

6. What was significant about the Colin Pitchfork conviction?
7. Colin Pitchfork became the first person in the world to be convicted of murder through the use of DNA profiling.

8. Choose one other case study and summarise.

Case:        Holly Wells and Jessica Chapman

Summary: Holly Wells and Jessica Chapman two 10-year-old Girls famous for wearing Manchester United shirts went missing in August 2002 after spending the day at Holly’s home in Soham.  Forensic experts, police and family members search for the missing girls. After 13 days the hunt ended with the girls’ bodies being found dead.  On 17 August 2002, the FSS was asked to examine clothing including partially burnt Manchester United football shirts found in a bin at the hangar at Soham college. Two scientists went to examine the hangar and the bins. The bin was packaged and brought back to the Huntingdon lab. As well as the Manchester United tops there were tracksuit bottoms, underwear and shoes belonging to both girls. Surface debris, including hairs and fibres, was recovered from inside and outside the bin including hairs and fibres. The clothing was screened for the presence of blood, saliva and semen. Many items had been fire damaged and some had melted into a mass. After thousands of hours of research over a 14-month period scientists from the FSS examined 40,000 fibres and eventually were able to link hairs from Ian Huntley along with fibres from his clothing and his house to the Manchester United football shirts worn by both girls on the last day they were seen. They were also able to link fibres from the football shirts to Ian Huntley’s house and items of his clothing. Of the 40,000 fibres examined, the FSS was able to provide the evidence of a two-way transfer of 154 fibres between Huntley’s clothing and carpets, and the Manchester United football shirts and tracksuit bottoms of the girls. Ian Huntley, a school caretaker at the school the girls attended was found guilty at the Old Bailey in December 2003 of the murders of Holly Wells and Jessica Chapman and was sentenced to life imprisonment.

AO1- Analysis

Summary

The Hollywood movies that I am analysing are “Flags of Our Fathers” and “Letters from Iow Jima”. These two films highlight the battle in 1945 in which the American Army Captured the Island of Iow Jima. “Flags of Our Fathers” interprets the American side of the Battle glorifying why it was right for the Americans to assault the island. Like most Hollywood films, Flags of Our Fathers is very patriotic and views the Japanese as the Country in the wrong and that the Americans were in the right. The film also highlights “the picture that changed the war”, the picture of American soldiers raising the flag in Iow Jima.

The second movie “Letters from Iow Jima” views the film from the side of the Japanese inhabitants of Iow Jima. This film, like Flags of Our Fathers, this films it patriotic and tries to prove the innocent of the Japanese People and highlights how barbaric the Americans were and that the were going to massacre everyone on the island and that they were only defending their homes and families.

Strengths

The strengths of These Hollywood movies about historic events are that they educate the viewers about the historical event. These movies also make the action scenes more heroic. They also give the view an insight of what life as a soldier was like in during different war times and in different countries. “Based on a true story”, this means that the films have to follower certain guide lines. Also these movies are easily accessible as they can be bought or rented from shop or they can be watch on the internet.

Weaknesses   

Hollywood films are always patriotic and glorify countries and therefore, things aren’t always put into perspective. Also these film drift away from the truth sometimes and are misleading  due to Artistic licensing. There is also negativity about the “based on a true story” as these films need to make the scenes more effective and therefore add drama to the storyline rather than following the truth to make the movies entertaining.

Example of when it can be used in a public service

Analysing movie can be used in a public services because many historic war events are made into Hollywood movies and other events that involve the Police and Fire Brigade such as” World Trade Centre”      

www.imdb.com/video/screenplay/vi1553334553/  

 www.youtbe.com



Personal Accounts/ Eyewitnesses

Summary

A Personal Account is a primary source that is taken from the event being recalled, for example eyewitnesses who were at the scene or event when it occurred. Other examples of primary sources are written statements or photographs taken from or at the time or date of the event.

 An example of Personal accounts is two taken from eyewitnesses of the 9/11 Terrorist attacks on America Brian and Stanley.

Strengths

·         The strengths of personal accounts are that they are from eyewitnesses of the event/disaster and therefore are most likely to be accurate and truthful.

·         When the eyewitnesses recall what they witnessed, they show emotion so that the people who are recalling or studying the event feel the empathy for the witness.

·         This is more effective because the people listening are able to imagine what it would have been like if they were and what emotions the survivors were experiencing during the time of the event.

·         The accounts are usually detailed and the witnesses usually remember exact details of what they experienced such as what they seen, heard and smelt.

Weaknesses

·         The weaknesses of personal accounts are that sometimes, the event was too distant to remember the exact details and therefore creates a risk of exaggeration in what they did in the event.

·         The witness may have missed specific details because they were in shock or helping other people so they exaggerate to make the accounts more interesting so that people want to listen to their accounts/views and therefore are potentially unreliable.

·         Also, the witness may add patriotism into the account to try and make themselves look like a national hero to gain popularity.

Conclusion

Overall, I think that personal accounts are a good source of information as the eyewitnesses are the only sources of what happened at the incident and they give people a view of what it was actually like during the event.  The accounts are generally accurate and truthful.

Example of when it can be used in a Public Service

 Personal Accounts/Eyewitnesses are used in the Police Force regularly. The police always need to know what happened and who done what so that they are able to make the correct arrests.

Official Records

Summary

Official records are documents/records are Original records, including official copies of outgoing correspondence, that document policy, operations and programs, property, financial transactions, and legal obligations.

“Official copy or original record having the legally recognized and enforceable quality of establishing a fact. Official records are kept for their full retention period”.

http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/official-record.html

Strengths

The strengths of Official Records as a source of information are:

·         They are very reliable as they have to be truthful

·         Are usually recorded in detail and are verified by the Government.

·         Most records can be viewed by the public for free.

·         Similar copies can me made from the Official record.  

·         The official documents are legal.

Weaknesses

The weaknesses of Official Records as a source of information are:

·         There is only one official copy and therefore it could be misplaced or ruined.

·         Difficult to access as the documents are classified

·         Its hard to get copies of this documents

·         Fake documents can be made.

·         Time it takes to find the documents

Use in a public Service

The police force would use official records as a source of information when a police officer writes up a report, that report becomes the official record.

Conclusion

Overall I think that official documents are a bad source of information as they are to difficult to access and therefore it is hard to use the source. Because they are so hard to access it can lead to people looking for them incorrectly and actually accessing fake copies.   

Human Remains

Summary

I am analysing the source of Human remains as a sources of information to determine whether it is a reliable or unreliable source of information. Examining Human remains is where a Forensic Experts or a coroner, examine a dead body to discover the cause of death.

Strengths

·         The strengths of human remain as a source of information is that examining human remains will determine the cause of death.

·         The Forensic experts can recover important evidence from the human remains such as bones, dentals, hair, skin which still has DNA, Fingerprints, and Blood etc.

·         Human remains can still be examined years after the death.  

·         They can determine who was at the scene at the time of death to gain eye witnesses or suspects.

·         Even if the body had been cleaned by the murderer, the forensic experts can find traces of blood, DNA etc.

·         Truthful as the sources they use are people DNA, Dentals etc. so they are facts.

Weaknesses 

·         The weaknesses of Human Remains as a source are that vital remains could be missing and therefore could ruin the research.

·         Another weakness is that there are no eyewitness accounts or records of what actually happened and therefore becomes an opinion based source instead of a reliable one until evidence can be matched with a suspect.

·         If the human remains are found years after the incident, then it’s harder to recall the event

·         The costs of the experts

·         The time it takes for the experts to examine and find leads.

Conclusion

Overall I thing that Human Remains is a good source of information as experts can determine the time of death, the cause of death etc. experts can also place people at the scene of death at the correct time. Although it takes a lot of time for the expert to get all their result correct and piece the puzzles, if they get the results correct then it is worth it. 

Photographs

Summary

The source of information I am analysing is photography. Photographs can be taken from past times or present and allow the people to get a view of what was happening during the image.

Strengths

·         The strengths of using photographs as evidence are that the viewer is able to get an insight of what was happening during the time of the event captured.

·         The photographs are 100% truthful and can also capture specific events.

·         Photographs can be photo copied

·         They can also be enlarged so that the researcher can get more of an insight  of the photograph 

·         Photographs entitle people to picture what was happening during the historic events that are captured

·         They can capture important evidence such as a murder or a burglar in a crime scene.

weaknesses

·         The weaknesses of photographs as a source of information are that the photo can only show what happening through a picture and therefore could miss vital information.

·         Also the photo only shows the event from the photographer’s point of view.

·         Another weakness is that the photograph could get lost or damaged.

·         also you can only make out what’s happening in the photo and therefore it becomes opinion based.

Use in a Public Service

Photographs are still currently used by the Police Force to capture suspects meeting up with drug dealers or coming out of crime scenes etc. they use these photograph as evidence when questioning suspect to try to gain answers from them.   

Conclusion 

I think that overall photos are a good source of information and a bad source of information as pictures from the past do not show enough information of what is actually happening during the captured event to get an idea of what is happening and the viewer can only determine what is happening through what the photographer ha captured.

 However photographs do give an insight of what is happening and even capture people at a   and can catch historic events. Also more recent and up to date cameras show the time of the photograph taken and therefore can be used to place murders or burglars at a crime scene at the right time.

Therefore I think that photographs are a good source but also a bad source of information. 

Paintings and Drawings

Summary

The source of information and I am reviewing is Paintings and Drawings. Paintings and drawings are pictures illustrated by an artist. The focus of the picture can be anything. Paintings are usually used when looking into events from the past. Drawings are used to describe something.

Strengths

The strengths of paintings and drawings as a source of information are:

·         They give people and view of events of the past or something they didn’t attend

·         The paintings/drawings can be of any historic theme or event.

·         Drawings are used to give people an insight of someone or something, for example, if the police are looking for a suspect, a witness can describe what he looks like and even draw a picture to determine what he looks like help the police find the suspect.

Weaknesses

The weaknesses of paintings and Drawings as a source of information are:

·         The paintings can get lost or damaged

·         The paintings do not show enough of what is happening at the event.

·         Some drawings are changed slightly to make them attractive.

·         The drawings of suspect are not always accurate and could therefore mislead the police.

Use in a public Service

The police still use drawings as a source of information. When a eye witness is describing a criminal to the police, the police get an artist in to draw a ruff sketch of the suspect based on the facts described by the witness. An example is the Madeline McCann case. When Madeline McCann went missing the police received many calls about leads on suspicious people and had around 20 different sketches of different suspects.

Conclusion

Overall I think that paintings and drawings are a bad source of information as they don’t give enough information on what is actually happening. Also the painting can be touched up or have stuff added to make them stand out. Although the drawings can help police officer to get a view of events or suspects, they can be misleading and therefore are unreliable.

                                                Internet

Summary

The source of information I am analysing is the Internet. The internet can find any article or information about anything from history to daily events and gives a range of different sources.

Strengths

The strengths of the internet as a source of information are:

·         Range of sources are massive

·         Can find information on almost anything

·         Easy to access the internet

·         The sources are sometimes referenced

·         Good quality of information

·         Daily newspapers can be accessed online

·         News websites with updates by the minute

·          Historic events can be accessed.

Weaknesses

The weaknesses of the internet as a source of information are:

·         Cost to run the internet

·         There is no limit to what can be out on the internet

·         Fake or scam websites

·         Can be misleading

·         The required information can be hard to find

·         Have to look at different websites/ sources 

Use in a public service

The fire brigade would use the internet to find out locations of schools, community halls, fates etc.in which they go and speak to children or the community about fire safety.

Conclusion  

To conclude, I think that the internet is a reliable source of information overall as it is easily accessible and offers a range of sources that are potentially reliable and gives a good quality of information. All though the internet can be misleading, if you have an idea of what you are researching, than the internet is a good source of information to use.

CD Rom

Summary

The source of information I am analysing is CD Roms. I will analyse the weaknesses and strengths of the source.

 A CD Rom is a memory disk which data can be uploaded onto once.  

Strengths

The strengths of CD Roms as a source of information are:

·         They are easy to access

·         The information on the CD Rom will only be about the subject required

·         Cheap to buy

Weaknesses

The Weaknesses of CD Roms as a source of information are:

·         Difficult to find the required CD Rom

·         The data can only be uploaded once and therefore cannot be updated

·         The cost of them

·         The time it takes to get the correct rom

·         Need a computer to access it

·         Flimsy and could break easily or data could be damaged

Use in a public service

The police force would use CD Roms if they are looking at past cases in which data such as interviews would have been recorded onto the CD roms.

Conclusion

Overall I think that CD Roms are a bad source of information as they cannont be updated and it hard to get hold of the correct CD Rom.