AO3- Definitions

Confidential

"Trusted with private information and the confidence of another (of information) given in confidence or in secret; denoting confidence or intimacy; the level of official classification for documents next above restricted and below secret"

An example of confidentiality would be when someone goes to see a GP or a Doctor and get given back bad information such as cancer, or STD's. If that person didn't want to tell anyone about this, than they have the right to keep the information to themselves. The Doctor or GP are not allowed to share the information with family members or friends of their client    

Privacy

 

 “The ability of an individual or group to seclude themselves or information about themselves and thereby reveal themselves selectively”.

 “The state of being free from intrusion or disturbance in one's private life or affairs: the right to privacy”.

http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/privacy

An example of Privacy would be if a celebrity had given the press/ Paparazzi their consent to take pictures at their wedding. the press are then not allowed go to the celebrity's home and take pictures of them with their children etc because they were given their consent before. 

Anonymity

it is important that research is confidential because some research shouldn't be shared with other unless given consent, for example news from a GP. this is because everybody has the right and the privacy to keep information to themselves. Also important information or documents can give away vital information about someone for example bank details. therefore people do not have the right to give information about somebody to anyone else.

“The quality or state of being unknown or unacknowledged”http://www.answers.com/topic/anonymity#ixzz1j9XzBAU1 

An example of Anonymity is when vote is happening between two people ( two school candidates voting to be head boy). if both candidates were friends of their class mates, than the students could vote for one of their friends without stating their name  so that both of the candidates wouldn't know who they had voted foron to vote for them without the other Friends feeling bad because they didn't vote for them.